Rubber stabilized with phosphonitrilic compounds



3,474,052 RUBBER STABILIZED WITH PHOSPHONITRILIC COMPOUNDS Adel F. l-lalasa, Akron, and Jerry D. Hunt, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, assignors to The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Filed Apr. 24, 1968, Ser. No. 723,879 Int. Cl. C08c 7/10; C08d 7/10 US. Cl. 260-3 13 Claims ABSTRACT OF TIE DISCLOSURE The process and product described herein involve a method of protecting a tire rubber composition against ozone deterioration by incorporating in the tire rubber stock, a phosphonitrilic cyclic compound having the formula (NPY or a phosphonitrilic polymeric compound having the formula or the reaction product of one mole of phosphonitrilic chloride of the formula (NPCI and 1-8 moles of thiourea or mercaptobenzothiazole per mole of phosphonitrilic chloride wherein X is 3 or 4, n is 2100, Y is a monovalent radical such as Cl, Br, I, NHOH, NHR', N(R)'NHR', SH, Na, Li or Mg, and R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical. Each Y can represent a group similar to or different from any other Y group in the particular formula. The phosphonitrilic derivatives are found to have excellent non-staining antiozonant properties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to tire rubber compositions produced by the incorporation of phosphonitrilic derivatives in tire rubber stocks, which derivatives are found to be excellent antiozonants.

Related prior art The prior art does not disclose any tire stock compositions containing phosphonitrilic derivatives.

It is desirable for any antiozonant and antioxidant that it be capable of resisting ozonization and oxidation for prolonged periods so that the compositions in which they are incorporated will retain their original properties. The less effective the antiozonant or antioxidant is the sooner the properties deteriorate upon exposure to ozone or oxygen, and vice versa the more effective the antiozon ant or antioxidant is the longer the composition retains its original properties. Consequently, there is a continuous search to find materials that will prolong the period during which a tire stock will retain its original properties, such as flex strength, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, and for white sidewall stock non-staining properties.

nited States Patent "ice Normally p-phenylenediamine derivatives are used as antioxidants and antiozonants but because of their staining properties these cannot be used in white sidewall stocks. Therefore none are used in the white sidewall stocks and the only protection again ozonization is the small amount derived from the waxes that are used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The composition of this invention comprises a tire rubber stock composition predominantly of a rubbery material such as natural rubber or a butadiene-styrene elastorner having 1025% styrene and 75% butadiene copolymerized therein together with O.ll0%, preferably 0.52% of a phosphonitrilic compound selected from the class consisting of (1) A cyclic phosphonitrilic compound having the formula (NPY (2) A phosphonitrilic polymer having the formula and (3) The reaction product of one mole of phosphonitrilic chloride of the formula (NPCI or even some of the other (NPY compounds, with 1-8 moles of thiourea or mercaptobenzothiazole; wherein x has a value of 3 or 4; n has a value of 2 to Y is a radical selected from the class consisting of Cl, Br, I, NHOH, NHR', N(R')NHR, SH, Na, Li and Mg; and R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical preferably having no more than 20 carbon atoms therein.

The R hydrocarbon group is preferably alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and cycloalkyl. While alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyl-aryl, cycloalkenyl groups and other unsaturated groups can be used, hydrocarbon groups are preferred which are saturated in the aliphatic portions.

Typical preferred hydrocarbon groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, octadecyl, phenyl, tolyl, diphenyl, xylyl, naphthyl, methylnaphthyl, ethylphenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, methylcyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptylpropyl and the like.

In the tire stock compositions of this invention, various other components generally found in a tire composition are also present such as carbon black, zinc oxide, stearic acid, processing oil, filler, wax, sulfur and accelerator. These are present in the usual proportions. As described more fully hereinafter, the presence of the phosphonitrilic component in the tire stock composition gives excellent retention of the desirable properties such as bending modulus or flexing strength, tensile strength, ultimate stretch and non-staining properties.

In addition to the natural rubber and butadiene-styrene elastomers mentioned above, other elastomers can be used in the tire stock compositions of this invention such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers and in general the conjugated diene polymers considered suitable for use in tires.

TABLE II 2,4,6,8-tetraphospho-1,3,5,7-tetrazines with various substituents positioned as indicated below Compound:

E PMA PMA PMA PMA PMA PMA PMA PMA.

01 1 Cl 01 01 Cl Cl Cl Br Cl Br Cl C1 G1 I oi 01 Cl 01 Cl SBA SBA SBA. SBA SBA SBA (CH2)s N(CH2)5 2)s N(CH- )5 N(CH2)5 N(CH2)5 MEI MH DMH DMH DMH DMH PH PH PH PH PH PH BIH Cl Cl Cl 01 c1 NHOH Cl NHOH Cl NHOH Cl 1 PMlA lS NHCaH-i-p-CH3. 2 SBA is NHCH(CH3)C2H5. a DMH is N(CH3)NHCH3. 4 PH is NHNHCH N E 13TH 1S SC CrlHi.

In preparing the various phosphonitrilic compounds incorrect color match with other components of the tire, cluded in the formula, the phosphonitrilic dichloride comappropriate properties for mixing, calendering and tubing, pounds are generally used as the starting material and the satisfactory tire building properties, good molding characchlorine replaced by the respective Y groups, as illustrated teristics and compatability with other factory stocks. in Quarterly Reviews: Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 168-210 (1964), White sidewall stocks are generally made with natural and in other references cited therein. For example, when rubber, either alone or blended with a but-adienestyrene NHOH, NHR', NHNHR, N(R)NHR' are to be subelastomer. Black tire stocks are generally made from stituted the corresponding hydroxylamine, amine, substisynthetic elastomers. These can be compounded with tuted hydrazine or hydrazo compound is reacted with the reclaimed rubber to reduce the cost and still give excellent desired phosphonitrilic dichloride base in the presence of service and satisfactory processing. Oil-extended rubber an acid acceptor such as a tertiary amine, e.g. tributyl a can also be used. However, since oil-extended polymers amine. The appropriate stoichiometric proportion, or a generally show some loss in checking resistance, it is slight excess, is used in order to introduce the desired numnecessary to oifset this with greater antiozonant protection. ber of Y groups. The standard tire stocks generally also contain a filler, a

When a mercapto roup is to be added, this can be efwax, an accelerator and sulfur.

a 40 fected by reaction of the appropriate phosphonitrilic (11- This invention will be more fully described by the chloride with sodium mercaptan. When sodium, lithium or following examples. The invention is not to be regarded, magnesium is to be the Y group, this can be introduced by however, as restricted in any Way by these examples, and reaction of the phosphonitrilic dichloride with sufficient of they are to serve merely as illustrations. In these exthe appropriate metal to remove the chlorine and to subr amples and throughout the specification, parts and stitute the metal on the phosphorus. With the divalent magpercentages are by weight unless specifically provided nesium, the product is either disubstituted with two phosotherwise. phorus atoms attached to the magnesium or the phosphorus has the MgCl radical attached thereto, depending on EXAMPLE I the proportions of the materials used.

These metal derivatives can be used as such in the tire A Series of tests are Performed 9 the prqpomons compositions or can be further reacted with ketones or of 1 9 2? blatck l' f fi q i k other compounds to substitute derivatives on the phosphofompnsms g a z as fi i rus. For example acetone can be reacted with such a comarge fi O seml'rem F car on ac and e pound which has sodium, lithium or magnesium attached usual additives. All of the ingredients except the sulfur, to the phosphorus and the metal replaced by an isopro a5 accelerator and antiozonant are mixed on a Banbury Panel radicaL mixer and the resultant masterbatch mixture is then put If it is desired to introduce a hydrocarbon radical, this on a heated T011 (1604805 and the 3 accelerant can be done by reaction of the phosphonitrilic dichloride f antlozonant are adfied and b1end ed The P P P compound with a sodium or lithium alkyl, or other hydro- Hons and yp of antlolonal'lt lIldlcated below In carbon derivative or with a Grignard so that the chlorine Table III and also the results for various properties tested is removed by reaction with the metal and the hydrocara e the re Stock is cured at 300 F. bon is substituted on the phosphorus directly. In some of the tests antiozonants A and B are used The types of tire stocks used in the practice of this infor comparative purposes. These are phenyleriediamine vention are those normally used for black and white sidederivatives which are presently used in black tire stocks. wall tires in which the major component is either natural 55 H wever, these cannot be used in white sidewall stocks rubber or a synthetic elastomer such as a polymer or cosince they immediately discolor. Antiozonant I is N-2- polymer or a conjugated diene e.g. butadiene-l,3 or iso- (4-rnethyl:pentyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and II prene. In such a tire stock there is generally a filler, zinc is N,N'-bis-sec-heptyl-p-phenylenediamine. In ozone exoxide, stearic acid, wax, processing oil, sulfur for vulcaniposure tests conducted at 95 F. and 40 F., the comzation, an accelerator and an antitoxidant or antiozonant. pounds of Formula E and C give approximately the In the black sidewall stock, the major part of the filler same results as found with antiozonants I and II but have can comprise a semi-reinforcing carbon black. Such stocks the advantage that they can be used in smaller amounts should have good properties with resistance to weather and and can also be used in White sidewall stocks so it is age cracking, resistance to flex fatigue, curb abrasion renecessary to store only one type of antioxidant for both sistance, good adhesion to other components in the tire, types of tire stock.

TAB LE III Antiozonant Compound:

11, pts Formula E, p Formula 0, pts

Normal Stress-Strain Cured at 300 F.

300% Modulus (p.s.i.), Mins.:

e.-- .1 50 225 N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. 575 475 125 175 50 675 650 350 550 150 750 750 525 675 275 375 N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. 750 675 150 250 N.T 1, 050 950 525 775 250 l, 075 l, 050 750 1, 000 400 875 N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. 1, 350 1, 325 150 500 100 1, 525 1, 450 1, 125 1, 425 450 1, 425 1, 500 1, 300 1, 475 750 850 N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. 020 750 860 760 840 580 622 840 700 750 520 570 740 590 760 Aged 4 Days at 212 F.

Nll. N.C. N.C. N. N.C. N.T. NJI. 1, 025 1, 325 500 N.T. 1, 57 1, 175 1, 500 700 1, 475 N .T. 1, 200 1, 500 825 1,275 N16. N.C. N.C. N.C. 1, 450 1,350 1, 425 1, 400 1, 075 1, 425 1, 575 1, 475 1, 500 1, 275 1, 500 1, 525 1, 500 1, 500 1, 400

N.C. means No cure. 2 N31. means Not tested tire stock.

EXAMPLE II The procedure of Example I is repeated a number of times using a phosphonitrilic compound having Formula 300% Modulus (p.s.l.),Mins.: D in the amounts and with the results shown below In ig 2% i 11350 NO Table IV. Here again the phosphonitrilic compound gives 11500 11525 'ifiii' 1,250 a good protection as Antiozonants I and H identified in i: "M H 'I 11500 1,500 1,475 Example I and has the same advantage as Compounds 10 .1 1,125 1, 050 1, 500 N0 cure C and E in that it can be used in smaller amount and gg------;;;; can also be used in White sldewll tire stock. 30 1:525 1:625 1:575 1:450

Elongation (percent), Mins.:

10 340 310 330 N0 cure 310 300 270 500 310 330 310 340 300 320 330 030 TABLE IV EXAMPLE III A-8 A-9 A-lO A-ll Antlozonant Compound:

The procedure of Example I is repeated 2. number of times with similar results using a different black sidewall tire stock comprising a 7 5-25 butadiene styrene elastomer with minor amounts of reclaimed rubber and carbon black using the phosphonitrilic compounds of Formulas C,

Normal Stress-Strain Values, After Curing at 300 F. D d E 300%0Modulus(p.s.i.),Mins.: 50 250 175 N EXAMPLE IV i 300 450 350 52 A series of tests are performed with a white sidewall 53.. 538 gig 288 stock comprising about 75% natural rubber and 25% of 400% M 11 ',1 j'fi a 7 5 25 butadlene styrene elastomer and the standard N0 g? addltlves mcludmg about 5% of wax using the phos- 800 900 825 425 phomtrilic compound of Formula C. The number of parts 900 975 900 600 of antiozonant is based on 100 parts of rubber component 275 1,050 5 No cure or components in the tire stock composition. The various i i gg 1 g? components including the sulfur, accelerator and anti- 7 I l 1 0 1,550 1 550 1 500 1 250 ozonant are all placed 011 a heated H1111 (160-180 F.) and mixed until the various ingredients are uniformly 340 800 910 N 900 780 840 353 blended. The tire stock is cured at 300 F. and various $8 2 28 $88 ggg property tests performed as indicated below in Table V.

Also staining evaluation tests are performed in corre- 9 sponding compositions in which there are incorporated 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 parts respectively of this compound of Formula C, together with a sample in which no antiozonant is present other than the wax. These samples are exposed to a sunlamp. All the samples containing the phosphonitrilic compound remain white through 48 hours of exposure and reached only a very, very, very, slight yellow at the end of 64 hours. The sample with only the wax reaches this v.v.v. slight yellow stage within 18 hours and becomes increasingly yellow until it is a very definite yellow within 48 hours.

TABLE V A-I2 A-l3 A-14 A-lfi Amount of Formula C Compound 0. 1.00 2.00 2. 50

Normal StressStrain Values After Curing at 300 F.

300% Modules (p.s.i.), 23 Mins 500 500 500 500 Tensile Strength (p.s.i.), 23 mins 3,025 2, 625 3, 200 2, 625 Ultimate Elongation (percent), 23 rnius. 620 580 620 580 After Ageing 2 Days at 212 F.

300% Modulus (p.s.i.), 23 mins 750 600 575 575 Tensule (p.s.i.), 23 mins 750 700 725 825 Elongation (percent), 23 mins. 300 320 340 350 Ozone Evaluation 14 hrs., 60 p.p.h.m. Statis Ozone Dynamic 50/10:

95 F l Slight Slight Slight Slight 40 F Slight Slight Slight l Slight means slight cracking; 2 Very Severe.

EXAMPLE V The procedure of Example IV is repeated a number of times using another white sidewall tire stock somewhat similar to that of Example IV except that the rubber base also contains a minor amount of an ethylene-propylenecyclopentadiene terpolymer and using equivalent amounts of the antiozonant compounds of the Formulas C, D and B respectively. As controls, corresponding runs are performed using no antiozonant other than the wax that is present in each of the compositions. Similar results are obtained to those of Example IV.

EXAMPLE VI The procedure of Example I is repeated a number of times with similar results using equivalent amounts of the following phosphonitrilic compounds:

(a) the phosphonitrilic polymer wherein n is and each Y represents Cl;

(b) the reaction product of one mole of (NPCl with 6 moles of thiourea;

(c) the reaction product of (NPCl with 8 moles of mercaptobenzothiazole;

(d) the polymer of (a) in which approximately half the chlorine has been replaced by (CH )CHNH-;

(e) the compound of Formula G in Table I;

(f) the compound of Formula K in Table I; and

(g) the compound of Formula M in Table I.

EXAMPLE VII The procedure of Example IV is repeated a number of times with similar results using individually in plac of the phosphonitrilic com-pound of that example an equivalent weight respectively of:

(a) Compound M of Table I; (b) Compound N of Table I; (0) Compound Q of Table I; (d) Compound R of Table I;

(e) Compound U of Table I;

(1?) Compound V of Table I;

(g) Compound DD of Table II;

(h) Compound EE of Table II;

(i) Compound GG of Table II;

(j) Compound HH of Table II; and

(k) The phosphonitrilic dichloride polymer in which n has a value of 20 and half of the chlorine has been replaced by NHOH.

While certain features of this invention have been described in detail with respect to various embodiments thereof, it will, of course, be apparent that other modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of this invention and it is not intended to limit the invention to the exact details shown above except insofar as they are defined in the following claims:

The invention claimed is:

1. A tire rubber stock composition comprising (a) predominantly a rubber material selected from the class consisting of natural rubber and butadienestyrene elastomers having 1025 percent by Weight of styrene and 75 percent by Weight of butadiene copolymerized therein, and

(b) 0.140% by weight of a phosphonitrilic compound selected from the class consisting of:

(l) a cyclic phosphonitrilic compound having the formula (NPY (2) a phosphonitrilic polymer having the formula and (3) the reaction product of one mole of phosphonitrilic chloride of the formula (NPCl with l-8 moles of thiourea or mercaptobenzothiazole; wherein x has a value of 3 or 4; n has a value of 2 to Y is a radical selected from the class consisting of Cl, Br, I, NHOH, NHR, N(R')NHR', SH, Na, Li and Mg; and R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical having no more than 20 carbon atoms therein.

2. A composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock is a whitewall tire stock.

3. A composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock is an oil-extended reclaim black sidewall stock.

4. A composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound has Formula 1 in which x equal 3.

5. The composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound has Formula 1 in which x equals 4.

6. The composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound is 2,2,4,6-tetraisopropylamino-4,6-dichloro-2,4,6-triphospho-l,3,5triazine.

7. The composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound is 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexa-(p-methylanilino)-2,4, 6-triphospho-1,3,5-triazine.

8. The composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound is 2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-octa-(p-methylanilino)- 2,4,6,8-tetraphospho-1,3,5,7-tetrazine.

9. The composition of claim 1 in which said phosphonitrilic compound is 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexa-(sec.-butylamino)-2,4, 6-triphospho-1,3,5-triazine.

10. The composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock is predominantly a natural rubber.

11. The composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock is predominantly a butadiene elastomer.

12. The composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock is predominantly a butadiene-styrene elastomer having 7590 percent by weight butadiene and 10-25% styrene.

1 1 1 2 13. The composition of claim 1 in which said tire stock 3,364,189 1/ 1968 Allcock et a1. 2613-89.? is predominantly an oil-extended butadiene elastomer. 33,379,510 4/1968 Jaszka -2 23-357 Referen Cit d DONALD E. CZAJA, Primary Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS v 5 R. A. WHITE, Assistant Examiner 2,374,646 5/1945 Brown 260-2 3,311,622 3/1967 Joffre 260 246 CL 3,322,859 5/1967 Sherr et a1. 260-893 152- 2 0-2, 801, 887

3,344,087 9/1967 Becke et a1. 2602 104:5; UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent o. 3, 4-7 l-,O52 Dated October 21, 1969 Inventor) Adel F. Halasa and Jerry D. Hunt It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

1" Col. 2, line 5 "again" should read against Col. 3, line 5 "form should be from Col. 3, line 53 of Formula C should read thusly:

Col. 7, Table III, under the title "Normal Stress-Strain Cured at 300F."

in the column entitled "Tensile Strength (p.s.i. ,Mins." opposite the figure "l5", +th column, "150" should read Col. 7, Table III, under the title "Aged Days at 212F."

in the column headed "300% Modulus (p. s.i. ,Mins. opposite the figure "30", lst column, "1,509" should Col. 9, Table v, Under title "Normal Stress-Strain" etc.

the word "Modules" in the first line should be Modulus Col. 9, Table V, Under title "Ozone Evaluation 1 hrs." etc.

the word "Statis'! should read Static Signed and sealed this 12th day of October 1971.

()SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Acting Commissioner of Patents 

